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PHP The Right Way

There’s a lot of outdated information on the Web that leads new PHP users astray, propagating bad practices and insecure code. PHP: The Right Way is an easy-to-read, quick reference for PHP popular coding standards, links to authoritative tutorials around the Web and what the contributors consider to be best practices at the present time.

There is no canonical way to use PHP. This website aims to introduce new PHP developers to some topics which they may not discover until it is too late, and aims to give seasoned pros some fresh ideas on those topics they’ve been doing for years without ever reconsidering. This website will also not tell you which tools to use, but instead offer suggestions for multiple options, when possible explaining the differences in approach and use-case.

This is a living document and will continue to be updated with more helpful information and examples as they become available.

Translations

PHP: The Right Way is translated into many different languages:

Book

The most recent version of PHP: The Right Way is also available in PDF, EPUB and MOBI formats. Go to Leanpub

How to Contribute

Help make this website the best resource for new PHP programmers! Contribute on GitHub

Use the Current Stable Version (7.4)

If you are getting started with PHP, start with the current stable release of PHP 7.4. PHP 7.x adds many new features over the older 5.x versions. The engine has been largely re-written, and PHP is now even quicker than older versions.

You should try to upgrade to the latest stable version quickly - PHP 5.6 is already End of Life. Upgrading is easy, as there are not many backwards compatibility breaks. If you are not sure which version a function or feature is in, you can check the PHP documentation on the php.net website.

Built-in web server

With PHP 5.4 or newer, you can start learning PHP without installing and configuring a full-fledged web server. To start the server, run the following command from your terminal in your project’s web root:

Mac Setup

macOS comes prepackaged with PHP but it is normally a little behind the latest stable release. There are multiple ways to install the latest PHP version on macOS.

Install PHP via Homebrew

Homebrew is a package manager for macOS that helps you easily install PHP and various extensions. The Homebrew core repository provides “formulae” for PHP 5.6, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and 7.4. Install the latest version with this command:

You can switch between Homebrew PHP versions by modifying your variable. Alternatively, you can use brew-php-switcher to switch PHP versions automatically.

Install PHP via Macports

The MacPorts Project is an open-source community initiative to design an easy-to-use system for compiling, installing, and upgrading either command-line, X11 or Aqua based open-source software on the OS X operating system.

MacPorts supports pre-compiled binaries, so you don’t need to recompile every dependency from the source tarball files, it saves your life if you don’t have any package installed on your system.

At this point, you can install , , , , , , or using the command, for example:

And you can run command to switch your active PHP:

Install PHP via phpbrew

phpbrew is a tool for installing and managing multiple PHP versions. This can be really useful if two different applications/projects require different versions of PHP, and you are not using virtual machines.

Install PHP via Liip’s binary installer

Another popular option is php-osx.liip.ch which provides one liner installation methods for versions 5.3 through 7.3. It doesn’t overwrite the PHP binaries installed by Apple, but installs everything in a separate location (/usr/local/php5).

Compile from Source

Another option that gives you control over the version of PHP you install, is to compile it yourself. In that case be sure to have installed either Xcode or Apple’s substitute “Command Line Tools for XCode” downloadable from Apple’s Mac Developer Center.

All-in-One Installers

The solutions listed above mainly handle PHP itself, and do not supply things like Apache, Nginx or a SQL server. “All-in-one” solutions such as MAMP and XAMPP will install these other bits of software for you and tie them all together, but ease of setup comes with a trade-off of flexibility.

Windows Setup

You can download the binaries from windows.php.net/download. After the extraction of PHP, it is recommended to set the PATH to the root of your PHP folder (where php.exe is located) so you can execute PHP from anywhere.

For learning and local development, you can use the built in webserver with PHP 5.4+ so you don’t need to worry about configuring it. If you would like an “all-in-one” which includes a full-blown webserver and MySQL too then tools such as the Web Platform Installer, XAMPP, EasyPHP, OpenServer and WAMP will help get a Windows development environment up and running fast. That said, these tools will be a little different from production so be careful of environment differences if you are working on Windows and deploying to Linux.

If you need to run your production system on Windows, then IIS7 will give you the most stable and best performance. You can use phpmanager (a GUI plugin for IIS7) to make configuring and managing PHP simple. IIS7 comes with FastCGI built in and ready to go, you just need to configure PHP as a handler. For support and additional resources there is a dedicated area on iis.net for PHP.

Generally running your application on different environment in development and production can lead to strange bugs popping up when you go live. If you are developing on Windows and deploying to Linux (or anything non-Windows) then you should consider using a Virtual Machine.

Chris Tankersley has a very helpful blog post on what tools he uses to do PHP development using Windows.

Common Directory structure

A common question among those starting out with writing programs for the web is, “where do I put my stuff?” Over the years, this answer has consistently been “where the is.” Although this answer is not complete, it’s a great place to start.

For security reasons, configuration files should not be accessible by a site’s visitors; therefore, public scripts are kept in a public directory and private configurations and data are kept outside of that directory.

For each team, CMS, or framework one works in, a standard directory structure is used by each of those entities. However, if one is starting a project alone, knowing which filesystem structure to use can be daunting.

Paul M. Jones has done some fantastic research into common practices of tens of thousands of github projects in the realm of PHP. He has compiled a standard file and directory structure, the Standard PHP Package Skeleton, based on this research. In this directory structure, should point to , unit tests should be in the directory, and third party libraries, as installed by composer, belong in the directory. For other files and directories, abiding by the Standard PHP Package Skeleton will make the most sense to contributors of a project.

The PHP community is large and diverse, composed of innumerable libraries, frameworks, and components. It is common for PHP developers to choose several of these and combine them into a single project. It is important that PHP code adhere (as close as possible) to a common code style to make it easy for developers to mix and match various libraries for their projects.

The Framework Interop Group has proposed and approved a series of style recommendations. Not all of them related to code-style, but those that do are PSR-1, PSR-12 and PSR-4. These recommendations are merely a set of rules that many projects like Drupal, Zend, Symfony, Laravel, CakePHP, phpBB, AWS SDK, FuelPHP, Lithium, etc are adopting. You can use them for your own projects, or continue to use your own personal style.

Ideally, you should write PHP code that adheres to a known standard. This could be any combination of PSRs, or one of the coding standards made by PEAR or Zend. This means other developers can easily read and work with your code, and applications that implement the components can have consistency even when working with lots of third-party code.

You can use PHP_CodeSniffer to check code against any one of these recommendations, and plugins for text editors like Sublime Text to be given real-time feedback.

You can fix the code layout automatically by using one of the following tools:

And you can run phpcs manually from shell:

It will show errors and describe how to fix them. It can also be helpful to include this command in a git hook. That way, branches which contain violations against the chosen standard cannot enter the repository until those violations have been fixed.

If you have PHP_CodeSniffer, then you can fix the code layout problems reported by it, automatically, with the PHP Code Beautifier and Fixer.

Another option is to use the PHP Coding Standards Fixer. It will show which kind of errors the code structure had before it fixed them.

English is preferred for all symbol names and code infrastructure. Comments may be written in any language easily readable by all current and future parties who may be working on the codebase.

Finally, a good supplementary resource for writing clean PHP code is Clean Code PHP.

Programming Paradigms

PHP is a flexible, dynamic language that supports a variety of programming techniques. It has evolved dramatically over the years, notably adding a solid object-oriented model in PHP 5.0 (2004), anonymous functions and namespaces in PHP 5.3 (2009), and traits in PHP 5.4 (2012).

Object-oriented Programming

PHP has a very complete set of object-oriented programming features including support for classes, abstract classes, interfaces, inheritance, constructors, cloning, exceptions, and more.

Functional Programming

PHP supports first-class functions, meaning that a function can be assigned to a variable. Both user-defined and built-in functions can be referenced by a variable and invoked dynamically. Functions can be passed as arguments to other functions (a feature called Higher-order Functions) and functions can return other functions.

Recursion, a feature that allows a function to call itself, is supported by the language, but most PHP code is focused on iteration.

New anonymous functions (with support for closures) are present since PHP 5.3 (2009).

PHP 5.4 added the ability to bind closures to an object’s scope and also improved support for callables such that they can be used interchangeably with anonymous functions in almost all cases.

Meta Programming

PHP supports various forms of meta-programming through mechanisms like the Reflection API and Magic Methods. There are many Magic Methods available like , , , , , etc. that allow developers to hook into class behavior. Ruby developers often say that PHP is lacking , but it is available as and .

Namespaces

As mentioned above, the PHP community has a lot of developers creating lots of code. This means that one library’s PHP code might use the same class name as another. When both libraries are used in the same namespace, they collide and cause trouble.

Namespaces solve this problem. As described in the PHP reference manual, namespaces may be compared to operating system directories that namespace files; two files with the same name may co-exist in separate directories. Likewise, two PHP classes with the same name may co-exist in separate PHP namespaces. It’s as simple as that.

It is important for you to namespace your code so that it may be used by other developers without fear of colliding with other libraries.

One recommended way to use namespaces is outlined in PSR-4, which aims to provide a standard file, class and namespace convention to allow plug-and-play code.

In October 2014 the PHP-FIG deprecated the previous autoloading standard: PSR-0. Both PSR-0 and PSR-4 are still perfectly usable. The latter requires PHP 5.3, so many PHP 5.2-only projects implement PSR-0.

If you’re going to use an autoloader standard for a new application or package, look into PSR-4.

Standard PHP Library

The Standard PHP Library (SPL) is packaged with PHP and provides a collection of classes and interfaces. It is made up primarily of commonly needed datastructure classes (stack, queue, heap, and so on), and iterators which can traverse over these datastructures or your own classes which implement SPL interfaces.

Command Line Interface

PHP was created to write web applications, but is also useful for scripting command line interface (CLI) programs. Command line PHP programs can help automate common tasks like testing, deployment, and application administration.

CLI PHP programs are powerful because you can use your app’s code directly without having to create and secure a web GUI for it. Just be sure not to put your CLI PHP scripts in your public web root!

Try running PHP from your command line:

The option will print your PHP configuration just like the function.

The option provides an interactive shell, similar to ruby’s IRB or python’s interactive shell. There are a number of other useful command line options, too.

Let’s write a simple “Hello, $name” CLI program. To try it out, create a file named , as below.

PHP sets up two special variables based on the arguments your script is run with. is an integer variable containing the argument count and is an array variable containing each argument’s value. The first argument is always the name of your PHP script file, in this case .

The expression is used with a non-zero number to let the shell know that the command failed. Commonly used exit codes can be found here.

To run our script, above, from the command line:

Xdebug

One of the most useful tools in software development is a proper debugger. It allows you to trace the execution of your code and monitor the contents of the stack. Xdebug, PHP’s debugger, can be utilized by various IDEs to provide Breakpoints and stack inspection. It can also allow tools like PHPUnit and KCacheGrind to perform code coverage analysis and code profiling.

If you find yourself in a bind, willing to resort to /, and you still can’t find the solution - maybe you need to use the debugger.

Installing Xdebug can be tricky, but one of its most important features is “Remote Debugging” - if you develop code locally and then test it inside a VM or on another server, Remote Debugging is the feature that you will want to enable right away.

Traditionally, you will modify your Apache VHost or .htaccess file with these values:

The “remote host” and “remote port” will correspond to your local computer and the port that you configure your IDE to listen on. Then it’s just a matter of putting your IDE into “listen for connections” mode, and loading the URL:

Your IDE will now intercept the current state as the script executes, allowing you to set breakpoints and probe the values in memory.

Graphical debuggers make it very easy to step through code, inspect variables, and eval code against the live runtime. Many IDE’s have built-in or plugin-based support for graphical debugging with Xdebug. MacGDBp is a free, open-source, stand-alone Xdebug GUI for Mac.

There are a ton of PHP libraries, frameworks, and components to choose from. Your project will likely use several of them — these are project dependencies. Until recently, PHP did not have a good way to manage these project dependencies. Even if you managed them manually, you still had to worry about autoloaders. That is no longer an issue.

Currently there are two major package management systems for PHP - Composer and PEAR. Composer is currently the most popular package manager for PHP, however for a long time PEAR was the primary package manager in use. Knowing PEAR’s history is a good idea, since you may still find references to it even if you never use it.

Composer and Packagist

Composer is the recommended dependency manager for PHP. List your project’s dependencies in a file and, with a few simple commands, Composer will automatically download your project’s dependencies and setup autoloading for you. Composer is analogous to NPM in the node.js world, or Bundler in the Ruby world.

There is a plethora of PHP libraries that are compatible with Composer and ready to be used in your project. These “packages” are listed on Packagist, the official repository for Composer-compatible PHP libraries.

How to Install Composer

The safest way to download composer is by following the official instructions. This will verify the installer is not corrupt or tampered with. The installer installs a binary in your current working directory.

We recommend installing Composer globally (e.g. a single copy in ). To do so, run this command next:

Note: If the above fails due to permissions, prefix with .

To run a locally installed Composer you’d use , globally it’s simply .

Installing on Windows

For Windows users the easiest way to get up and running is to use the ComposerSetup installer, which performs a global install and sets up your so that you can just call from any directory in your command line.

How to Define and Install Dependencies

Composer keeps track of your project’s dependencies in a file called . You can manage it by hand if you like, or use Composer itself. The command adds a project dependency and if you don’t have a file, one will be created. Here’s an example that adds Twig as a dependency of your project.

Alternatively, the command will guide you through creating a full file for your project. Either way, once you’ve created your file you can tell Composer to download and install your dependencies into the directory. This also applies to projects you’ve downloaded that already provide a file:

Next, add this line to your application’s primary PHP file; this will tell PHP to use Composer’s autoloader for your project dependencies.

Now you can use your project dependencies, and they’ll be autoloaded on demand.

Updating your dependencies

Composer creates a file called which stores the exact version of each package it downloaded when you first ran . If you share your project with others, ensure the file is included, so that when they run they’ll get the same versions as you. To update your dependencies, run . Don’t use when deploying, only , otherwise you may end up with different package versions on production.

This is most useful when you define your version requirements flexibly. For instance, a version requirement of means “anything newer than , but less than ”. You can also use the wildcard as in . Now Composer’s command will upgrade all your dependencies to the newest version that fits the restrictions you define.

Update Notifications

To receive notifications about new version releases you can sign up for libraries.io, a web service that can monitor dependencies and send you alerts on updates.

Checking your dependencies for security issues

The Security Advisories Checker is a web service and a command-line tool, both will examine your file and tell you if you need to update any of your dependencies.

Handling global dependencies with Composer

Composer can also handle global dependencies and their binaries. Usage is straight-forward, all you need to do is prefix your command with . If for example you wanted to install PHPUnit and have it available globally, you’d run the following command:

This will create a folder where your global dependencies reside. To have the installed packages’ binaries available everywhere, you’d then add the folder to your variable.

PEAR

A veteran package manager that some PHP developers enjoy is PEAR. It behaves similarly to Composer, but has some notable differences.

PEAR requires each package to have a specific structure, which means that the author of the package must prepare it for usage with PEAR. Using a project which was not prepared to work with PEAR is not possible.

PEAR installs packages globally, which means after installing them once they are available to all projects on that server. This can be good if many projects rely on the same package with the same version but might lead to problems if version conflicts between two projects arise.

How to install PEAR

You can install PEAR by downloading the installer and executing it. The PEAR documentation has detailed install instructions for every operating system.

If you are using Linux, you can also have a look at your distribution package manager. Debian and Ubuntu, for example, have an apt package.

How to install a package

If the package is listed on the PEAR packages list, you can install it by specifying the official name:

If the package is hosted on another channel, you need to the channel first and also specify it when installing. See the Using channel docs for more information on this topic.

Handling PEAR dependencies with Composer

If you are already using Composer and you would like to install some PEAR code too, you can use Composer to handle your PEAR dependencies. This example will install code from :

The first section will be used to let Composer know it should “initialize” (or “discover” in PEAR terminology) the pear repo. Then the section will prefix the package name like this:

pear-channel/Package

The “pear” prefix is hardcoded to avoid any conflicts, as a pear channel could be the same as another packages vendor name for example, then the channel short name (or full URL) can be used to reference which channel the package is in.

When this code is installed it will be available in your vendor directory and automatically available through the Composer autoloader:

vendor/pear-pear2.php.net/PEAR2_HTTP_Request/pear2/HTTP/Request.php

To use this PEAR package simply reference it like so:

The Basics

PHP is a vast language that allows coders of all levels the ability to produce code not only quickly, but efficiently. However, while advancing through the language, we often forget the basics that we first learnt (or overlooked) in favor of short cuts and/or bad habits. To help combat this common issue, this section is aimed at reminding coders of the basic coding practices within PHP.

Date and Time

PHP has a class named DateTime to help you when reading, writing, comparing or calculating with date and time. There are many date and time related functions in PHP besides DateTime, but it provides nice object-oriented interface to most common uses. It can handle time zones, but that is outside this short introduction.

To start working with DateTime, convert raw date and time string to an object with factory method or do to get the current date and time. Use method to convert DateTime back to a string for output.

Calculating with DateTime is possible with the DateInterval class. DateTime has methods like and that take a DateInterval as an argument. Do not write code that expect same number of seconds in every day, both daylight saving and timezone alterations will break that assumption. Use date intervals instead. To calculate date difference use the method. It will return new DateInterval, which is super easy to display.

On DateTime objects you can use standard comparison:

One last example to demonstrate the DatePeriod class. It is used to iterate over recurring events. It can take two DateTime objects, start and end, and the interval for which it will return all events in between.

A popular PHP API extension is Carbon. It inherits everything in the DateTime class, so involves minimal code alterations, but extra features include Localization support, further ways to add, subtract and format a DateTime object, plus a means to test your code by simulating a date and time of your choosing.

Design Patterns

When you are building your application it is helpful to use common patterns in your code and common patterns for the overall structure of your project. Using common patterns is helpful because it makes it much easier to manage your code and lets other developers quickly understand how everything fits together.

If you use a framework then most of the higher level code and project structure will be based on that framework, so a lot of the pattern decisions are made for you. But it is still up to you to pick out the best patterns to follow in the code you build on top of the framework. If, on the other hand, you are not using a framework to build your application then you have to find the patterns that best suit the type and size of application that you’re building.

You can learn more about PHP design patterns and see working examples at:

https://designpatternsphp.readthedocs.io/

Working with UTF-8

This section was originally written by Alex Cabal over at PHP Best Practices and has been used as the basis for our own UTF-8 advice.

There’s no one-liner. Be careful, detailed, and consistent.

Right now PHP does not support Unicode at a low level. There are ways to ensure that UTF-8 strings are processed OK, but it’s not easy, and it requires digging in to almost all levels of the web app, from HTML to SQL to PHP. We’ll aim for a brief, practical summary.

UTF-8 at the PHP level

The basic string operations, like concatenating two strings and assigning strings to variables, don’t need anything special for UTF-8. However, most string functions, like and , do need special consideration. These functions often have an counterpart: for example, and . These strings are made available to you via the Multibyte String Extension, and are specifically designed to operate on Unicode strings.

You must use the functions whenever you operate on a Unicode string. For example, if you use on a UTF-8 string, there’s a good chance the result will include some garbled half-characters. The correct function to use would be the multibyte counterpart, .

The hard part is remembering to use the functions at all times. If you forget even just once, your Unicode string has a chance of being garbled during further processing.

Not all string functions have an counterpart. If there isn’t one for what you want to do, then you might be out of luck.

You should use the function at the top of every PHP script you write (or at the top of your global include script), and the function right after it if your script is outputting to a browser. Explicitly defining the encoding of your strings in every script will save you a lot of headaches down the road.

Additionally, many PHP functions that operate on strings have an optional parameter letting you specify the character encoding. You should always explicitly indicate UTF-8 when given the option. For example, has an option for character encoding, and you should always specify UTF-8 if dealing with such strings. Note that as of PHP 5.4.0, UTF-8 is the default encoding for and .

Finally, If you are building a distributed application and cannot be certain that the extension will be enabled, then consider using the patchwork/utf8 Composer package. This will use if it is available, and fall back to non UTF-8 functions if not.

UTF-8 at the Database level

If your PHP script accesses MySQL, there’s a chance your strings could be stored as non-UTF-8 strings in the database even if you follow all of the precautions above.

To make sure your strings go from PHP to MySQL as UTF-8, make sure your database and tables are all set to the character set and collation, and that you use the character set in the PDO connection string. See example code below. This is critically important.

Note that you must use the character set for complete UTF-8 support, not the character set! See Further Reading for why.

UTF-8 at the browser level

Use the function to ensure that your PHP script outputs UTF-8 strings to your browser.

The browser will then need to be told by the HTTP response that this page should be considered as UTF-8. Today, it is common to set the character set in the HTTP response header like this:

The historic approach to doing that was to include the charset tag in your page’s tag.

Internationalization (i18n) and Localization (l10n)

Disclaimer for newcomers: i18n and l10n are numeronyms, a kind of abbreviation where numbers are used to shorten words - in our case, internationalization becomes i18n and localization, l10n.

First of all, we need to define those two similar concepts and other related things:

Internationalization is when you organize your code so it can be adapted to different languages or regions without refactorings. This action is usually done once - preferably, at the beginning of the project, or else you will probably need some huge changes in the source!
Localization happens when you adapt the interface (mainly) by translating contents, based on the i18n work done before. It usually is done every time a new language or region needs support and is updated when new interface pieces are added, as they need to be available in all supported languages.
Pluralization defines the rules required between distinct languages to interoperate strings containing numbers and counters. For instance, in English when you have only one item, it is singular, and anything different from that is called plural; plural in this language is indicated by adding an S after some words, and sometimes changes parts of it. In other languages, such as Russian or Serbian, there are two plural forms in addition to the singular - you may even find languages with a total of four, five or six forms, such as Slovenian, Irish or Arabic.

Common ways to implement

The easiest way to internationalize PHP software is by using array files and using those strings in templates, such as . This way is, however, hardly recommended for serious projects, as it poses some maintenance issues along the road - some might appear in the very beginning, such as pluralization. So, please, don’t try this if your project will contain more than a couple of pages.

The most classic way and often taken as reference for i18n and l10n is a Unix tool called . It dates back to 1995 and is still a complete implementation for translating software. It is easy enough to get running, while still sporting powerful supporting tools. It is about Gettext we will be talking here. Also, to help you not get messy over the command-line, we will be presenting a great GUI application that can be used to easily update your l10n source

Other tools

There are common libraries used that support Gettext and other implementations of i18n. Some of them may seem easier to install or sport additional features or i18n file formats. In this document, we focus on the tools provided with the PHP core, but here we list others for completion:

aura/intl: Provides internationalization (I18N) tools, specifically package-oriented per-locale message translation. It uses array formats for message. Does not provide a message extractor, but does provide advanced message formatting via the extension (including pluralized messages).
oscarotero/Gettext: Gettext support with an OO interface; includes improved helper functions, powerful extractors for several file formats (some of them not supported natively by the command), and can also export to other formats besides files. Can be useful if you need to integrate your translation files into other parts of the system, like a JavaScript interface.
symfony/translation: supports a lot of different formats, but recommends using verbose XLIFF’s. Doesn’t include helper functions nor a built-in extractor, but supports placeholders using internally.
zend/i18n: supports array and INI files, or Gettext formats. Implements a caching layer to save you from reading the filesystem every time. It also includes view helpers, and locale-aware input filters and validators. However, it has no message extractor.

Other frameworks also include i18n modules, but those are not available outside of their codebases:

Laravel supports basic array files, has no automatic extractor but includes a helper for template files.
Yii supports array, Gettext, and database-based translation, and includes a messages extractor. It is backed by the extension, available since PHP 5.3, and based on the ICU project; this enables Yii to run powerful replacements, like spelling out numbers, formatting dates, times, intervals, currency, and ordinals.

If you decide to go for one of the libraries that provide no extractors, you may want to use the gettext formats, so you can use the original gettext toolchain (including Poedit) as described in the rest of the chapter.

Gettext

Installation

You might need to install Gettext and the related PHP library by using your package manager, like or . After installed, enable it by adding (Linux/Unix) or (Windows) to your .

Here we will also be using Poedit to create translation files. You will probably find it in your system’s package manager; it is available for Unix, Mac, and Windows, and can be downloaded for free on their website as well.

Structure

Types of files

There are three files you usually deal with while working with gettext. The main ones are PO (Portable Object) and MO (Machine Object) files, the first being a list of readable “translated objects” and the second, the corresponding binary to be interpreted by gettext when doing localization. There’s also a POT (Template) file, which simply contains all existing keys from your source files, and can be used as a guide to generate and update all PO files. Those template files are not mandatory: depending on the tool you are using to do l10n, you can go just fine with only PO/MO files. You will always have one pair of PO/MO files per language and region, but only one POT per domain.

Domains

There are some cases, in big projects, where you might need to separate translations when the same words convey different meaning given a context. In those cases, you split them into different domains. They are, basically, named groups of POT/PO/MO files, where the filename is the said translation domain. Small and medium-sized projects usually, for simplicity, use only one domain; its name is arbitrary, but we will be using “main” for our code samples. In Symfony projects, for example, domains are used to separate the translation for validation messages.

Locale code

A locale is simply a code that identifies one version of a language. It is defined following the ISO 639-1 and ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 specs: two lower-case letters for the language, optionally followed by an underline and two upper-case letters identifying the country or regional code. For rare languages, three letters are used.

For some speakers, the country part may seem redundant. In fact, some languages have dialects in different countries, such as Austrian German () or Brazilian Portuguese (). The second part is used to distinguish between those dialects - when it is not present, it is taken as a “generic” or “hybrid” version of the language.

Directory structure

To use Gettext, we will need to adhere to a specific structure of folders. First, you will need to select an arbitrary root for your l10n files in your source repository. Inside it, you will have a folder for each needed locale, and a fixed folder that will contain all your PO/MO pairs. Example:

Plural forms

As we said in the introduction, different languages might sport different plural rules. However, gettext saves us from this trouble once again. When creating a new file, you will have to declare the plural rules for that language, and translated pieces that are plural-sensitive will have a different form for each of those rules. When calling Gettext in code, you will have to specify the number related to the sentence, and it will work out the correct form to use - even using string substitution if needed.

Plural rules include the number of plurals available and a boolean test with that would define in which rule the given number falls (starting the count with 0). For example:

Japanese: - only one rule
English: - two rules, first if N is one, second rule otherwise
Brazilian Portuguese: - two rules, second if N is bigger than one, first otherwise

Now that you understood the basis of how plural rules works - and if you didn’t, please look at a deeper explanation on the LingoHub tutorial -, you might want to copy the ones you need from a list instead of writing them by hand.

When calling out Gettext to do localization on sentences with counters, you will have to provide it the related number as well. Gettext will work out what rule should be in effect and use the correct localized version. You will need to include in the

Источник: [https://torrent-igruha.org/3551-portal.html]

, Cache Cookie and Windows Cleaner 7.4 serial key or number

Magento Open Source 2.3.5 Release Notes

Magento Open Source 2.3.5 offers significant platform upgrades, substantial security changes, and performance improvements.

This release includes over 180 functional fixes to the core product and over 25 security enhancements. It includes resolution of over 46 GitHub issues by our community members. These community contributions range from minor clean-up of core code to significant enhancements to Inventory Management and GraphQL.

Quarterly releases may contain backward-incompatible changes (BIC). Magento 2.3.5 contains minor backward-incompatible changes. To review minor backward-incompatible changes, see BIC reference. (Major backward-incompatible issues are described in BIC highlights. Not all releases introduce major BICs.)

During pre-release, we discovered issues that forced us to create new packages. To expedite delivery, we chose to change the name of the full-release patch from 2.3.5 to 2.3.5-p1. The 2.3.5-p1 package contains all new features and fixes. We also changed the name of the security-only patch for this quarter from 2.3.4-p1 to 2.3.4-p2. Future releases will follow the typical package naming conventions for full-release and security packages. See Wishlist error during upgrade to Magento versions 2.3.4-p1 or 2.3.5.

Security-only patch available

Merchants can now install time-sensitive security fixes without applying the hundreds of functional fixes and enhancements that a full quarterly release (for example, Magento 2.3.5-p1) provides. Patch 2.3.4.2 (Composer package 2.3.4-p2) is a security-only patch that provides fixes for vulnerabilities that have been identified in our previous quarterly release, Magento 2.3.4. All hot fixes that were applied to the 2.3.4 release are included in this security-only patch. (A hot fix provides a fix to a released version of Magento that addresses a specific problem or bug.)

For general information about security-only patches, see the Magento DevBlog post Introducing the New Security-only Patch Release. For instructions on downloading and applying security-only patches (including patch 2.3.4-p2), see Install Magento using Composer. Security-only patches include security bug fixes only, not the additional security enhancements that are included in the full patch.

With this quarterly release, we’ve changed how we describe these security issues. Individual issues are no longer described in the Magento Security Center. Instead, these issues are documented in an Adobe Security bulletin.

Other release information

Although code for these features is bundled with quarterly releases of the Magento core code, several of these projects (for example, Inventory Management and Progressive Web Applications (PWA) Studio) are also released independently. Bug fixes for these projects are documented in the separate, project-specific release information that is available in the documentation for each project.

Upgrade to Magento 2.3.5-p1 or 2.3.4-p2 for merchants running pre-release versions of Magento 2.3.5

Merchants upgrading to pre-release versions of Magento 2.3.5 and security-only patch 2.3.4-p1 and whose deployments contain bundle products may encounter the following error during upgrade:

Merchants who encounter this error after installing Magento 2.3.5 should upgrade to Magento 2.3.5-p1. Merchants who encounter this error after installing Magento 2.3.4-p1 should upgrade to Magento 2.3.4-p2. See Wishlist error during upgrade to Magento versions 2.3.4-p1 or 2.3.5.

Download and run the updated Database Cleanup script

This hotfix addresses an issue with a previous database clean-up script that was released in March 2020. That database cleanup script has been updated to clear pre-existing failed login data in additional database tables. We recommend that all merchants run DB_CLEANUP_SCRIPT_v2 script to clear pre-existing failed login data in additional tables as soon as possible. See the Remove failed login attempts from the database support article.

Highlights

Look for the following highlights in this release:

Substantial security enhancements

This release includes the following security enhancements:

Over 25 security enhancements that help close remote code execution (RCE) and cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities

No confirmed attacks related to these issues have occurred to date. However, certain vulnerabilities can potentially be exploited to access customer information or take over administrator sessions. Most of these issues require that an attacker first obtains access to the Admin. As a result, we remind you to take all necessary steps to protect your Admin, including but not limited to these efforts: IP whitelisting, two-factor authentication, use of a VPN, the use of a unique location rather than , and good password hygiene. See Security updates available for Magento for a discussion of these fixed issues. All known exploitable security issues fixed in this release (2.3.5) have been ported to 1.14.4.5 and 1.9.4.5, as appropriate.

With the Magento 2.3.4 release, we changed how we describe these security issues. Individual issues are no longer described in the Magento Security Center. Instead, these issues are documented in an Adobe Security bulletin.

Security enhancements and fixes to core code

This release includes over 25 security fixes and platform security improvements. Additional security enhancements include:

Implementation of Content Security Policies (CSP). This release includes a set of powerful new security tools for Magento installations. Content Security Policies (CSP) provide additional layers of defense by helping to detect and mitigate Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and related data injection attacks. This common attack vector works by injecting malicious content that falsely claims to originate from the website. After the malicious content is loaded and executed, it can initiate the unauthorized transfer of data. See Content Security Policy Overview. For technical information, see Content Security Policies in the PHP Developer Guide.
Removal of session_id from URLs. Exposure of values in URLs creates a potential security vulnerability in the form of session fixation. We are removing code from the classes and methods that add or read session_id from URLs.

Starting with the release of Magento Commerce 2.3.2, Magento will assign and publish indexed Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) numbers with each security bug reported to us by external parties. This allows users of Magento Commerce to more easily identify unaddressed vulnerabilities in their deployment.

Platform upgrades

The following platform upgrades help enhance website security and performance:

Support for Elasticsearch 7.x. Elasticsearch 7.x is now the supported catalog search engine for both Magento Commerce and Magento Open Source. With this release, Magento 2.3.x supports only Elasticsearch 6.x and 7.x. Elasticsearch 2.x and 5.x are now deprecated for Magento 2.3.x and will be removed in Magento 2.4.0.
Deprecation of core integration of third-party payment methods. With this release, the integrations of the Authorize.Net, eWay, CyberSource, and Worldpay payment methods are deprecated. These core features are no longer supported and will be removed in the next minor release (2.4.0). Merchants should migrate to the official extensions that are available on the Magento Marketplace. See the Deprecation of Magento core payment integrations devblog post.
Deprecation of the core integration of the Signifyd fraud protection code. This core feature is no longer supported. Merchants should migrate to the Signifyd Fraud & Chargeback Protection extension that is available on Magento Marketplace.
Upgrade of Symfony Components to the latest lifetime support version (4.4). (Symfony Components are a set of decoupled PHP libraries used by the Magento Framework.)
Migration of dependencies on Zend Framework to the Laminas project to reflect the transitioning of Zend Framework to the Linux Foundation’s Laminas Project. Zend Framework has been deprecated. Magento 2.3.5 contains the minimal number of changes to code and configuration that are required to support the use of the Laminas libraries. These changes are backward-compatible, and you can continue to use your current code. However, we recommend that extension developers and system integrators begin migrating their extensions to use Laminas. While this migration isn’t required for compatibility with this patch release, long-term solutions will require it.
The requires Composer 1.7.0 and higher. To see which version of Composer you are running, run . Then, run if you are on an older version of Composer.
See the Migration of Zend Framework to the Laminas Project DevBlog post.

Performance boosts

Improvements to customer data section invalidation logic. This release introduces a new way of invalidating all customer sections data that avoids a known issue with local storage when custom invalidations are active. (Previously, private content (local storage) was not correctly populated when you had a custom etc/frontend/sections.xml with action invalidations.) See Private content.
Multiple optimizations to Redis performance. The enhancements minimize the number of queries to Redis that are performed on each Magento request. These optimizations include:
- Decrease in the size of network data transfers between Redis and Magento
- Reduction in Redis’ consumption of CPU cycles by improving the adapter’s ability to automatically determine what needs to be loaded
- Reduction in race conditions on Redis write operations

See Use Redis for the Magento page and default cache and Configure caching.

Infrastructure improvements

This release contains enhancements to core quality, which improve the quality of the Framework and these modules: Catalog, Sales, PayPal, Elasticsearch, Import, and CMS.

The PayPal Pro payment method now works as expected in the Chrome 80 browser. This payment method previously invoked a Magento callback endpoint that needed access to the customer’s session — access that the new default Chrome Samesite cookie functionality does not permit. GitHub-26840
A PHPStan code analysis check has been integrated into Magento static builds. This tool performs sophisticated static code analysis and identifies additional issues that are currently not detected by PHP CodeSniffer and PHP Mess Detector. See Magento Testing Guide.

Inventory Management

Inventory Management enhancements for this release include:

New extension point for and
Ability to view allocated inventory sources from the Orders list

See Inventory Management release notes for a more detailed discussion of recent GraphQL bug fixes.

GraphQL

With this release, you can now use and queries to retrieve information about products and categories that have been added to a staged campaign. See Using queries in the GraphQL Developer Guide for details.

See Release notes for a more detailed discussion of recent GraphQL bug fixes.

PWA Studio

PWA Studio 6.0.0 contains both new features and improvements to existing features:

Launch of the PWA extensibility framework. This framework gives developers the ability to create an extensibility API for their storefront or write plugins that can tap into those API and modify storefront logic.
Caching and data fetching improvements. This release contains improved caching logic and other data fetching optimizations in the Peregrine and Venia UI component libraries. These components have been refactored to take advantage of Apollo cache features to reduce overfetching or prevent the storage of sensitive data.
Shopping cart components that can be used for a full-page shopping cart experience

For information on these enhancements plus other improvements, see PWA Studio releases.

dotdigital

This release includes:

Integration of Engagement cloud and Magento B2B. A new B2B integration module integrates Engagement cloud and the Magento B2B module enable Magento B2B merchants to leverage their B2B commerce data and better engage with their prospective and existing customers. This will include:
- Company data sync (customer type, company, company status)
- Sync of shared catalog data. Syncing additional product catalog data (custom products and product attributes) to dotdigital. Merchants can turn additional product data into marketing campaigns or use it to make recommendations
- Sync of quote data
Improved importer performance and coupon code re-send.

Google Shopping ads Channel

The Google Shopping ads Channel bundled extension has reached end-of-life with this release (2.3.5 and 2.3.4-p1). It is no longer supported. Alternative extensions are available on the Magento Marketplace.

Vendor-developed extension enhancements

This release of Magento includes extensions developed by third-party vendors. It includes both quality and UX improvements to these extensions.

Klarna

With this release, the Klarna extension is now available in Australia and New Zealand. A new Oceania endpoint has been added to the existing API. This release also contains UX enhancements and minor bug fixes.

Vertex

This release of Vertex includes the following new feature and enhancements:

Address Validation. Addresses that are created or edited in the Customer Account are now validated when the module is enabled.
Admin Configuration. Flexible Field dropdown options are now sorted alphabetically by the current Admin user’s locale.
Virtual Products. Vertex now uses an order’s billing address to calculate taxes on virtual products. Shipping-related flexible fields are no longer completed for virtual products.
Restorable configuration settings. The Use Vertex for orders shipping to, Summarize Tax by, and Global Delivery Term now provide an option to be restored to their default setting.
Port in WSDL. The WSDL URL now supports ports and basic authentication.
Best Practices in Code. Models intended to assist Observers have been relocated into the Model namespace to clean up the Observer namespace.

Fixed issues

We have fixed hundreds of issues in the Magento 2.3.5 core code.

Installation, upgrade, deployment

The link accessed from Admin > Stores > Settings > Configuration > General > Advanced Reporting now opens in a new tab as expected. Fix submitted by Nagamaiah K in pull request 25760. GitHub-25757

You can now successfully remove a website along with the website’s scope-specific configuration settings in as expected. Previously, when you tried to remove the website, the operation failed, and Magento displayed this error: . Additionally, Magento displayed this error on the storefront: . GitHub-24061

Configuration settings that are disabled in are no longer editable from the Admin.

Adobe stock integration

Image previews now close as expected when you navigate to a new page of search returns when searching Adobe Stock images. Fix submitted by Serhiy Zhovnir in pull request 25719. GitHub-723

Image details are now hidden when you click on the image in the search result list. Fix submitted by Nazar Klovanych in pull request 25566. GitHub-690

You can now use keyboard arrow keys to navigate to the next image in the preview. Fix submitted by Adarsh Manickam in pull request 25611. GitHub-691

The Search Stock Images button now remains active as expected after you’ve searched for and saved an image from the media gallery. Previously, this button was disabled after you used it to search for an image and saved it. Fix submitted by Nazar Klovanych in pull request 25556. GitHub-622

Bundle products

Bundle product prices are now calculated correctly on product pages.

The performance of the re-index operation for bundle products has been improved.

Magento now correctly displays required field asterisks for products with custom options in the Admin.

Clicking Enter in the Shipping Price field for Negotiable Quotes now correctly updates shipping price.

Magento now displays the same price for a bundle product in the mini cart and on the product page.

You can now add any number of bundle products to your shopping cart without error. Previously, when you added a bundle product to your cart, then navigated to the cart, Magento displayed this error: .

Administrators can no longer manually enter a tax class in the Admin for a bundle product when the bundle product’s Tax Class and Dynamic Price settings are disabled for the default store view. Previously, when an administrator unchecked the Use Default Value option next to Tax Class, Magento enabled the option, permitting an administrator to enter another value and save the product.

Cache

Frontend cookies are now set as expected when you enable Use Secure URLs on Storefront and Secure Base URL is set to https.

Cart and checkout

Cart Price Rules that are based on payment methods are now applied during the checkout workflow. GitHub-24206

You can now disable zip code validation on the checkout workflow from the Admin as expected. Previously, Magento threw an error when a customer entered a zip code that did not meet specified values for zip codes even after validation was disabled by setting Input Validation to none from Admin > Stores > Attributes > Customer address > Edit Zip/Postal Code.

The order review page in the checkout workflow now loads successfully for an order being shipped to multiple addresses when Terms and Conditions with the Applied Manually setting is enabled. Previously, the Review page did not pass validation, and Magento displayed a 404 error.

Catalog

Filtering on the Admin product grid website column now works as expected. Previously, filter results did not display the correct number of products, but consistently displayed the total number of products as 1.

Magento no longer throws an error during checkout when the Synchronize with Backend configuration setting is enabled. GitHub-23833

Magento no longer throws an error when you change the name of a tiered product that is included in a scheduled update. Previously, when you tried to save the product with a new name, Magento displayed this error:

The Recently Viewed Products feature now works as expected in multistore deployments.

You can now successfully edit a configurable product with many variants (approximately 5,000) from the Admin. Previously, when you tried to edit a configurable product with many subproducts, Magento displayed this error:

Sorting on attribute sets on Admin > Catalog > Products is now based on alphabetical order as expected.

Custom attribute values can now be saved as expected from the Admin.

Corrected an issue that caused the PUT call to create a new entry rather than replace the existing one.

Customizable options are now imported as expected when is not equal to a product’s . Previously, Magento did not import customizable options when was not equal to a product’s , which resulted in certain products not being imported.

You can now assign a default watermark to a theme. Previously, after assigning the watermark, Magento threw a fatal error.

Magento now displays product images in the mini cart without distortion. Previously, Magento stretched the image in the mini cart to fill the entire width and height of the image container.

The Recently Viewed Products feature now shows products associated only with the current store view in multi-store deployments when Stores > Configurations > Catalog > Recently Viewed/Compared Products > Show for Current is set to store view. Previously, Magento displayed recently viewed products from all websites, no matter which website the product was assigned to.

The product compare feature now works as expected. It displays only products in the current user’s compare list.

Problems with the partial re-indexing of large categories have been resolved. Previously, due to problems with this process, products were randomly excluded from categories on the storefront.

The function now returns a float value as expected rather than a string.

Images are now saved in as expected when you save category images. Previously, Magento saved these images in .

Administrators with restricted permissions to Catalog can now create a downloadable product. Previously, administrators could not create a downloadable product, and Magento threw an error.

You can now add a configurable product to the cart from the Cross-Sells tab. When you select a product and click Add to Cart from this tab, you are now taken to the product’s details page, where you can select specific product options. Previously, Magento redirected you to a 404 error page.

You can now add a child product of a grouped product to your cart when one of the grouped product’s other child products is out-of-stock. Previously, when one child product was out-of-stock, you could not add any other child products to the cart.

CatalogInventory

Magento now displays appropriate feedback when you unsuccessfully attempt to update and save a product. Previously, Magento did not display an error message or take any action when you tried to save a product after updating it. GitHub-22274

Catalog Price Rule

The mini cart and Admin shopping cart (Admin > Customers > Manage Shopping Cart) now display correct product prices when a Catalog Price Rule is applied. Previously, the storefront shopping cart displayed the correct product price, but the mini cart and Admin shopping cart displayed the original product price.

Product prices on the storefront now accurately reflect the application of a scheduled Catalog Price Rule update. Previously, prices did not reflect the scheduled cart price rule until you manually re-indexed ().

Catalog widget

Magento now displays all children of a selected parent category as expected. Previously, if you selected a parent category that is an anchor, but which did not have assigned products by itself, Magento did not display all nested products.

The CatalogWidget products list now works as expected with anchor categories, and products from anchor categories are now matched and displayed. Previously, when you selected a parent category that was an anchor, but that did not contain assigned products, products were not visible in the widget.

Cleanup and simple code refactoring

Corrected misalignment of the View Details label for configurable products in the order summary of the checkout workflow. Fix submitted by Max Fickers in pull request 25785. GitHub-20463

Added a value to the static CMS block widget in the Checkout/Cart Summary of the checkout workflow in the Luma and Blank themes. Fix submitted by Fabricio Sobral in pull request 25729. GitHub-25703

Added a margin between the checkbox and icon when choosing a category during the process of assigning a condition to a new Cart Price Rule. Fix submitted by Eden Duong in pull request 25597. GitHub-25596

Rating stars no longer overlay the product over which your mouse hovers on the category page. Fix submitted by Kajal Solanki in pull request 25524. GitHub-25517

Corrected misalignment of the calendar icon inside the textbox on the Add Design Change page. Fix submitted by magudelo62 in pull request 25309. GitHub-20379

Deleted unused variable () from the template. Fix submitted by andrew-chornij in pull request 25770. GitHub-25715

CMS content

Select from Gallery image thumbnails are now cached as expected. Previously, these images were resized on the fly.

Magento now lets you create CMS blocks with identical names if the blocks are assigned to different store views.

Configurable products

Added validation logic to the Create new value input field of the configurable product creation workflow. Previously, you could create an attribute option value that contained only a space. Fix submitted by Torben Höhn in pull request 25421. GitHub-21504

Magento now displays all attributes of a configurable product. Previously, when the product had two or more attributes, not all attributes were displayed.

Catalog Products List widgets can now process conditions that include product attributes.

Cron

no longer fails when the database name exceeds 64 characters but instead creates a shorter name. Fix submitted by Vasil Pashovski in pull request 25472. GitHub-22240

We’ve improved the reliability of background execution. We now use the Magento Lock Framework to lock jobs. Previously, Magento used job status in the table. As a result, execution no longer causes an error on the application level.

Custom customer attribute

Magento now displays custom customer address attribute values as expected in the address section of the checkout workflow. Previously, Magento displayed the custom customer address attribute code instead of the value, and a JavaScript error was triggered.

Customer

You can now save a Gender field with a blank value when directly editing customer information from the Customer list. Previously, when you saved this value, Magento displayed a success message, but did not save it. GitHub-23128

Magento now uses a new PHPSession for each change of password.

The steps involved in initialization now happen in the correct order: RequireJS loads , and constructs and initiates itself as required. Previously, RequireJS loaded , but the internal data required for functioning did not load, and threw an error: . GitHub-17125

Magento now honors a customer’s default shipping address. Previously, Magento did not honor the default billing and default shipping addresses according to the settings, and the Same As Billing Address setting was not enabled automatically.

You can now successfully create a customer and associate it with a particular website using the Associate to Website dropdown menu on Customers > All Customers > Add new Customer. Previously, when you tried to associate a new customer with the non-default website in a multi-site deployment, Magento displayed this error: .

EAV

The Update Attribute action now correctly updates the timestamp of a product’s from when you update the product from the Admin edit product page.

Magento now respects store-specific settings that determine whether the telephone number field of the checkout workflow is required in a multi-site deployment. Previously, in deployments where one store required this field in the checkout workflow and another store did not, customers who did not complete this field while checking out on the store that did not require it encountered this error: .

Email

Email templates (Admin > Marketing > Communications > Email Templates) can now be previewed from the Admin when JavaScript magnification is enabled. Previously, when you tried to preview an email template, the Email Preview popup window was empty. GitHub-25068

The order notification emails sent from Microsoft Outlook now contain content that is rendered as expected from the assigned email template. Previously, the notification email that Magento sent contained a blank body that included content as an ATT*-labeled attachment to the email. GitHub-25076

Frameworks

Dependencies on Zend Framework have been migrated to the Laminas project to reflect the transitioning of Zend Framework to the Linux Foundation’s Laminas Project. Zend Framework has been deprecated.

Editing products in the Admin no longer triggers Redis errors.

no longer processes items from the change log table multiple times. Previously, when you had more than 100000 new versions in the change log table, actions could be called several times for the same .

Watermark images no longer obscure the product image that they overlay. Previously, when the watermark image was larger than the product image it was applied to, the product image was not visible.

Non-cacheable blocks are no longer added to default layout handles. Adding non-cacheable blocks to default layout handlers renders all Magento pages non-cacheable. This results from the layout generation process: During layout generation, Magento collects all available layout handles for a particular page and merges instructions from them into the page’s final layout structure. The default layout handle is used as a basic handle for every page. As a result, layout updates that are declared for the default handler appear on every Magento page. GitHub-9041

Setting in no longer throws an error when you run .

Magento no longer downloads a page when an administrator clicks on a product while creating an order from the Admin.

The plugin has been improved to prevent artificial delays when loading a storefront page. GitHub-22909

JavaScript framework

Added a check to confirm that a file belongs to the current base URL before setting the suffix. Previously, when you installed a CDN file using , and your store was in production mode, the JavaScript path was changed during compilation, and Magento displayed a 404 error.

JavaScript errors no longer occur on the shopping cart/mini cart page when the cart contains a configurable product. Fix submitted by Ihor Sviziev in pull request 25606. GitHub-25601

Clicking the Refund Offline button in the create a credit memo workflow now generates a credit memo as expected. Previously, a JavaScript error disabled this button, and Magento did not create a credit memo.

General fixes

Comments entered by a customer on the storefront Returns page are now successfully attributed to the correct customer. Previously, these comments were attributed incorrectly to Customer Support.

All HTML tags are now supported by the TinyMCE4 editor.

Magento now displays an informative error message and continues to display the registration form as expected if an error occurs when a customer tries to complete a registration form that contains a multi-select customer attribute. Previously, Magento displayed a 500 error.

The stock alert email sent to customers about the re-stocking of a configurable product now contains the correct product price. Previously, this email contained a product price of 0.

You can now delete an empty user model without deleting the Administrators role to which it is assigned.

The arrows adjacent to the thumbnail images on the product gallery now work as expected. Fix submitted by Alexey Rakitin in pull request 25666. GitHub-25652

You can now accurately manipulate a zoomed image using your mouse. Previously, the magnified area was incorrectly offset. Fix submitted by Mateusz Krzeszowiak in pull request 25358. GitHub-25027

LESS styling for the and modules has been moved to the correct directory. This change brings these modules into alignment with the organization of other modules, none of which include any LESS styling. Fix submitted by Paweł Tylek in pull request 25355. GitHub-25276*

Credit memos for orders with 100% discount (including shipping fees) now correctly include a 0 for the Grand Total. Previously, Magento calculated a negative number for the Grand Total.

A store’s Admin URL no longer redirects to the storefront URL when these two URLs differ.

The graphical orders chart accessible from the Orders tab on the Admin now accurately reflects order quantity.

Product price change alert email now includes the correct product price. Previously, this email suggested a new product price of 0.

You can now save and duplicate all CMS pages. Previously, Magento threw this exception when you tried to duplicate certain pages: .

Magento now redirects you to the home page of the appropriate store view when you change language on CMS pages in a multistore deployment. Previously, Magento displayed a 404 page when you changed language on certain CMS pages.

Import/export

Magento now successfully imports customer data using the Customer and Addresses (single file)) option when is enabled and the Customer Grid Indexer is set to Update By Schedule. After executes, the imported customer information is available in the Admin as expected. Previously, Magento imported the customer data, but did not update the customer grid with the newly imported customer records.

Magento now updates images as expected when you use the setting when importing products in deployments with multiple store views.

Magento now deletes temporary files from as expected after product import has completed.

Magento now removes related, up-sell, and cross-sell products as expected in the import file when you set the value of the Empty attribute value constant field to for products in System > Import. Previously, cross-sell, up-sell, and related products were not removed from the import file.

Magento now displays a more informative error message, and does not display a download link, when you try to delete a directory from the System > Export list. Previously, when you tried to delete a directory from this list, Magento continued to display a download link for files that could not be downloaded, and displayed an uninformative error message.

The CSV file used during import now contains the correct links for downloadable products and is now correctly formatted to support importing and updating downloadable products.

The Stock Indexer is now triggered as expected after import and updates product status. Previously, the Stock Indexer did not index the changed product inventory data.

Images associated with configurable products are now properly uploaded during import and available for viewing as expected from the product edit page.

Magento now provides a message during product import that identifies which products in the imported CSV file have duplicated keys. Merchants can use this information to resolve conflicts. Previously, Magento displayed this error:

Magento now successfully exports a file when you set import behavior for Replace, select a previously exported file, and click Check data. Previously, Magento displayed this error: .

You can now successfully import a product that does not have a value. Previously, Magento displayed an error when you tried to import the product. Fix submitted by Mahesh Singh in pull request 25080. GitHub-25069

The import of customer accounts has been refactored to improve import speed.

CSV files generated during product import now contain group titles for downloadable products as expected. Previously, unnecessary validation of during import prevented the display of group titles for downloadable products.

You can now successfully import or update customers using the Customer and addresses single file option of the import workflow. Previously, when you selected this option, Magento did not import the customer data and displayed this error: .

Magento now successfully imports all custom options for a configurable product’s child products when is specified. This works whether you choose to import configurable products individually or collectively. Previously, Magento did not successfully import all custom options when the import file contained more than one item and was specified.

Exported files now reflect filter settings for including in-stock or out-of-stock products. Previously, Magento exported all products, no matter which stock setting you selected.

Index

The partial indexer no longer incorrectly removes stock data when updating at least 1000 products. Previously, the indexer removed stock data, which resulted in in-stock products appearing out-of-stock. Fix submitted by Pieter Hoste in pull request 25306. GitHub-12205, GitHub-15984

Infrastructure

Elasticsearch 7.5 is now the supported catalog search engine for both Magento Commerce and Magento Open Source. With this release, Magento 2.3.x supports only Elasticsearch 6.x and 7.x. Elasticsearch 2.x and 5.x are now deprecated for Magento 2.3.x and will be removed in Magento 2.4.0.

Symfony Components have been upgraded to the latest lifetime support version (4.4). (Symfony Components are a set of decoupled PHP libraries used by the Magento Framework.)

Corrected the argument type of the email address constructor. Fix submitted by Karyna Tsymbal in pull request 25485. GitHub-25434

Admin route names can now contain a hyphen in the URL. Previously, validators for the action menu did not accept hyphens. Fix submitted by Diego Pires in pull request 25612. GitHub-25635

The condition of the shipping method title output in has been corrected. Fix submitted by Andrii Beziazychnyi in pull request 25530. GitHub-25529

Inventory

You can now create an offline credit memo. Previously, when you tried to create one, Magento displayed this error: .

Product widgets with product filter set to Attribute Set now work as expected on both the Admin and storefront. Previously, when the attribute filter was set, CMS pages on both the storefront and Admin did not work as expected when multiple Inventory sources were deployed.

Customers can no longer check out when their order contains more products than are currently in stock.

The preview template feature now works as expected. Previously, Magento displayed this error when you clicked Preview Template from the template edit page: .

Payment methods

The integration of third-party payment methods into the core Magento code has been deprecated. With this release, the integrations of the Authorize.Net, eWay, CyberSource, and Worldpay payment methods are deprecated. These core features are no longer supported and will be removed in the next minor release (2.4.0). Merchants should migrate to the official extensions that are available on the Magento Marketplace.

You can now successfully complete an order using the Payflow Link payment method. Previously, the Payflow Link payment method always rejected payment because the order status remained in the payment state, even though the order status in the payment method logs was .

The Place Order button on the shipping workflow is now enabled as expected when you select Braintree as the payment method and the My billing and shipping address are the same setting is disabled.

You can now create an order from the Admin using Authorize.net as the payment method. Previously, Magento did not create the order, and displayed this error: . GitHub-23934

The WorldPay payment integration with the Magento core has been deprecated. Please use the official Marketplace extension instead.

The Place order button on the checkout workflow is now disabled as expected until the customer updates the billing address when paying with Braintree. Previously, when secure 3D was enabled and the customer was paying with Braintree, Magento did not correctly validate the shipping address and displayed this JavaScript error: .

The PayPal Pro payment method now works as expected in the Chrome 80 browser. This payment method previously invoked a Magento callback endpoint that needed access to the customer’s session — access that the new default Chrome SameSite cookie functionality does not permit. GitHub-26840

Magento now successfully processes orders placed with PayPal Express Checkout where the order’s shipping address specifies a country region that the customer has manually entered into the text field rather than selected from the drop-down menu on the Shipping page. Previously, Magento displayed this error on the order review page: . GitHub-26698

Magento now displays an informative error message each time a customer clicks Pay with PayPal after entering an invalid shipping address in the checkout workflow. Previously, Magento displayed an error message only when the customer first clicked the button, not for subsequent clicks.

Magento no longer changes an order’s status to processing in the Payment Review section of the checkout workflow when a payment with PayPal fails.

Magento now saves the information a customer enters in the default billing and shipping fields during checkout when the transaction is initially declined due to an invalid credit card but later completed successfully. Previously, although Magento created the order when the customer entered valid payment information, it did not update the default billing or shipping addresses in the My Account section of the checkout workflow.

Performance

Optimizations to Redis performance minimize the number of queries to Redis that are performed on each Magento request. These optimizations include:
- Decrease in size of network data transfers between Redis and Magento
- Reduction in Redis’ consumption of CPU cycles by improving the adapter’s ability to automatically determine what needs to be loaded
- Reduction in race conditions on Redis write operations
Customer data section invalidation logic has been improved. This release introduces a new way of invalidating all customer sections data that avoids a known issue with local storage when custom invalidations are active. (Previously, private content (local storage) was not correctly populated when you had a custom etc/frontend/sections.xml with action invalidations). See Private content.

The performance of the Catalog Product Rule Indexer has been improved.

Reviews

Magento now disables the Submit Review button after the user clicks the button once. Previously, Magento did not disable this button after the first click and created multiple reviews when the user clicked the Submit Review button multiple times.

The Admin > Reports > Reviews > By Products filter list now displays results as expected. Previously, when you tried to filter this list, Magento did not display any results.

Sales

Order queries () have been refactored to reduce the size of the dataset returned and the frequency of the queries.

The State/Province field of the edit order page is now of type . Previously, in deployments that contained two websites where the main website has country restrictions, the State field had an input type of , not . This occurred when you placed an order on the second website, and allowed you to enter an incorrect value for State/Province.
The State/Province field of the Billing Address section of the checkout workflow is now of type in multi-site deployments where the default store has country restrictions. Previously, the State/Province field was of type , which permitted you to enter an incorrect state.

You can now successfully add a product in quantities exceeding five to an order from the Admin. Previously, when you tried to add a product in quantities exceeding five, Magento displayed this error: .

Completed orders now appear in both the payment system and Magento. Previously, orders appeared in the payment system but not in Magento. GitHub-25862

Sales Rule

is now updated as expected after a cart price rule is disabled. GitHub-24526

Cart Price rules with a condition set as Category (Parent only) now work as expected consistently.

Search

Filtering results no longer include out-of-stock options when you filter configurable products in a category.

Selecting all products from the products list page using Elasticsearch now displays all products in the search results as expected. Previously, Magento displayed no search results when this search was run on a staging server.

Elasticsearch now works as expected when you sort a product list that contains bundle products by alphabetized product names.

Magento now renders the < and > symbols correctly in storefront catalog search strings.

Magento now passes product attribute filters as an (instead of a ) to , which results in the proper display of the product list and layered navigation results. Previously, Magento passed product attribute filter as an , which lead to the logging of this error in the file: .

Elasticsearch now correctly displays results from category pages when you change the number of search results viewed per page. Previously, when you changed how many search results should be displayed on the search results page, Magento displayed a blank page and this error:

Shipping

Magento now prints shipping labels as a file as expected when you select Print Shipping Label from the Action drop-down list from an order in the order archive list. Previously, Magento displayed a 404 error.

The incorrect initial option values for the DHL shipping method have been corrected, and this shipping method now works as expected when enabled. Previously, when DHL shipping was enabled, Magento displayed this error in the shipping section of the checkout workflow: .

The multishipping page of the checkout workflow now correctly displays discounted shipping prices when discounts are determined by a Cart Price rule.

Magento now correctly calculates refunds for orders that include discounts. Previously, Magento incorrectly calculated the shipping tax and shipping discount, and the refunded total did not match the total paid.

Support for Colombia regions has been added, and these regions are now available from the shipping and billing country dropdown menus in the checkout workflow. Fix submitted by magudelo62 in pull request 25313. GitHub-25312

The drop-down list that is available for selecting shipping methods during the process of creating a Cart Price Rule now contains only valid values. Previously, this dropdown list contained empty or extra values.

Free Shipping Price rules now affect only the relevant products when a shopping cart contains products from categories that are included by the Free Shipping Price rule as well as products from categories not included in the rule. Previously, when a shopping cart included products from both the free shipping categories as well as other categories not included in the price rule, then free shipping was not applied to any products.

Sitemap

The partial sitemaps that are listed in the sitemap index now have the correct URL (for example, ). Previously, these URLs included the folder structure between the Magento user home folder and the installation folder. GitHub-24946

Magento now uses the project base URL as expected when you generate a sitemap.

(generated from Marketing > SEO & Search > Site Map) now includes the URL of the homepage.

Store

Customer sessions now persist as expected when a customer logs in to one store, adds products to the shopping cart, and then switches to a new store in a multi-store deployment. Previously, when the customer navigated to the second store, Magento logged out the customer and emptied the shopping cart.

Magento now redirects you to the correct product details page when you switch store view while on a product page in a multistore deployment. Previously, when you switched store view, Magento redirected you to a 404 page instead of the correct product page.

Swagger

Magento now longer displays an informative console error when you try to navigate to the Swagger index page. Magento previously threw an error as a result of a previous fix in which the block was removed from the layout file of the Swagger index page. Fix submitted by Duckↄhip in pull request 25682. GitHub-25680

Swatches

Merchants can now successfully add color swatch attributes to products using the Visual Swatch option on Stores > Attributes > Product > New Attribute. Previously, a JavaScript error was triggered when you tried to open the newly created swatch attribute.

Tax

Magento now performs VAT calculations correctly in all stores in a multistore deployment. Previously, Magento displayed an incorrect shipping rate in the store but the correct one in the store.

Magento now updates shipping rates and prices as expected when a customer changes the destination country for an order during checkout.

Free shipping is now applied as expected based on the applicable cart price rule. Previously, cart price rules did not take into account taxes when calculating whether an order meets criteria for free shipping.

Testing

A PHPStan code analysis check has been integrated into Magento static builds. This tool performs sophisticated static code analysis and identifies additional issues that are currently not detected by PHP CodeSniffer and PHP Mess Detector. See Magento Testing Guide.

Theme

Product names are no longer translated if their text matches a global key.

We’ve resolved a bug in that affected the display of dynamic blocks. Previously, Magento displayed this error when you directly accessed :

Translation and locales

Special price range settings (from/to dates) now work correctly for administrator accounts using a Dutch locale.

Inline translation now works as expected when enabled for a storefront.

UI

Radio buttons for shipping methods are now enabled as expected in the checkout workflow.

The product edit page now loads successfully when the default attribute set for the page contains a dropdown attribute with the select label.

You can now scroll as expected to the top of the Admin Import page. Fix submitted by Torben Höhn in pull request 25419. GitHub-6682

Watermark size now remains consistent with the image to which it has been applied when you resize the image. Fix submitted by KrielkipNL in pull request 25528. GitHub-23515, GitHub-25528

Magento now correctly renders the Read more … page element that is associated with a product that has an value that exceeds 55 characters on the storefront shipment and invoice pages. Previously, these option values were escaped. Fix submitted by Torben Höhn in pull request 25418. GitHub-25050

Corrected the position of the wishlist item Delete button on the category page. Fix submitted by Paweł Tylek in pull request 25380. GitHub-21190

Magento now displays a N/A where needed on the product compare list page. Previously, the field for an attribute that was not relevant for the selected product was left blank. Fix submitted by Paweł Tylek in pull request 25585. GitHub-25008

Magento now displays the dropdown icon as expected when you click Load template during the creation of a new email template from the Admin. Fix submitted by Adarsh Manickam in pull request 25629. GitHub-24840

Magento now retains the correct aspect ratio when a store icon is resized for mobile display. Fix submitted by Fabricio Sobral in pull request 25623. GitHub-25043

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Cache Cookie and Windows Cleaner 7.4 serial key or number

Clean Master Pro 7.4.9 Crack With Serial Key (Full + PC)

Overview

Continuous negligence can deteriorate the computer’s performance, and this could majorly affect your workflow. Luckily, be that as it may, it’s never past the point where it is possible to start exploring your options with regards to tools you could go to in request to clean up your PC and make it fill in as in its prime. Clean Master Pro is one such application designed to carry out a multitude of maintenance undertakings for you and get you free of garbage files, help your drivers, ensure a high degree of security, and much more, all in a compact and approachable environment.

First of all, how about we investigate the program’s user interface, which feels recognizable and introduces a vibrant arrangement of features perfectly. All the controls are effectively accessible using the panel on the left, which also highlight’s the app’s primary capabilities.

In any case, how about we take one thing at once in request to check whether the program merits your time & money. The “Garbage Clean” section’s motivation is quite obvious: it lets you scan your PC and find any residual system garbage files that may take cover in it. Windows, browser, multimedia, registry garbage, and much more can be quickly removed, which would translate to enhanced performance.

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Clean Master Pro

Moreover, the software utility packs some goodies meant to protect your privacy. Privacy breaks can be understood, not to mention that your browser, Windows, download, app, and multimedia history can be eliminated with the goal that you ensure you are not tracked.

While the tools above alone would be reasonable enough in a program in this niche, Clean Master packs a series of additional utilities users could benefit from. To be more specific, file recovery features are integrated into case data misfortune has affected you, and a driver booster is available too.

Also, this app is a feature-packed application designed to breathe new life into your computer. It can clean garbage, improve your machine’s responsiveness, increase your privacy, and much more, all while requiring minimal exertion on your part, what with its efficient GUI, and its overall straightforward approach.

Highlights

Browser automatic cleaning:

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Cleaning garbage files:

This program removes the cache and useless files and makes storage, increases speed, and improves the performance of SD cards and devices. With a single trick, users can clean all futile data and improve their computer’s speed.

Computer enhancement:

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Papercutting:

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Recovery file:

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Machine cooler:

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Application control:

Some rooted devices may move apps to the uninstalled SD card and system apps. This program allows you to find valuable applications that suit your interests and computers.

Clean Master Chrome

Clean Master aims to be the best solution for clearing your Chrome browser. It, be that as it may, doesn’t necessarily mean it’s there yet. While it offers a ton of options and does clean your browser, it really can’t differentiate itself from other such tools. One must agree that these tools, all in all, come in helpful, especially when trying to clean your workspace. You will never end up with a clogged or unresponsive browser on the off chance that you decide to utilize it.

The principal thing you will notice is the fact that this little extension is quite a la mode. The couple of menus and options it displays are all around positioned, and they fit well with the rest of the browser’s design. You get the chance to choose what to clean, so you also have some customization options. The extension cleans the typical stuff one would expect: history, downloads, cache, and temporary files. The thought behind it is simple.

It causes you to clean what you could remove at any rate using the browser’s options, however much quicker. You won’t sit around idly looking through menus or physically cleaning all the files. One press of a button and you’re done.

If you experience difficulty browsing the internet, and your computer is possible, quite possibly, excessively old, then this extension could prove valuable to you. It could also prove helpful on the off chance that you don’t care for wasting time, and you need to have more control of your browser without actually spending hours on finding the right options in its menus. In this respect, you’ll find Clean Master for Chrome to be quite valuable. Otherwise, it’s merely one more extension, among others.

Highlights Of Chrome Version

Clean your browser cache, cookies, website storage, and other trash. Improve the response speed of browsers.
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What’s New in the Cache Cookie and Windows Cleaner 7.4 serial key or number?

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PHP The Right Way

Translations

Book

How to Contribute

Use the Current Stable Version (7.4)

Built-in web server

Mac Setup

Install PHP via Homebrew

Install PHP via Macports

Install PHP via phpbrew

Install PHP via Liip’s binary installer

Compile from Source

All-in-One Installers

Windows Setup

Common Directory structure

Programming Paradigms

Object-oriented Programming

Functional Programming

Meta Programming

Namespaces

Standard PHP Library

Command Line Interface

Xdebug

Composer and Packagist

How to Install Composer

Installing on Windows

How to Define and Install Dependencies

Updating your dependencies

Update Notifications

Checking your dependencies for security issues

Handling global dependencies with Composer

PEAR

How to install PEAR

How to install a package

Handling PEAR dependencies with Composer

The Basics

Date and Time

Design Patterns

Working with UTF-8

There’s no one-liner. Be careful, detailed, and consistent.

UTF-8 at the PHP level

UTF-8 at the Database level

UTF-8 at the browser level

Further reading

Internationalization (i18n) and Localization (l10n)

Common ways to implement

Other tools

Gettext

Installation

Structure

Types of files

Domains

Locale code

Directory structure

Plural forms

Magento Open Source 2.3.5 Release Notes

Security-only patch available

Other release information

Upgrade to Magento 2.3.5-p1 or 2.3.4-p2 for merchants running pre-release versions of Magento 2.3.5

Download and run the updated Database Cleanup script

Highlights

Substantial security enhancements

Over 25 security enhancements that help close remote code execution (RCE) and cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities

Security enhancements and fixes to core code

Platform upgrades

Performance boosts

Infrastructure improvements

Inventory Management

GraphQL

PWA Studio

dotdigital

Google Shopping ads Channel

Vendor-developed extension enhancements

Klarna

Vertex

Fixed issues

Installation, upgrade, deployment

Adobe stock integration

Bundle products

Cache